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A sulfonic acid (or sulphonic acid) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula ''R''S(=O)2–OH, where ''R'' is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S(=O)2–OH group a sulfonyl hydroxide.〔 A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent. The parent compound (with the organic substituent replaced by hydrogen) is the hypothetical compound sulfurous acid. Salts or esters of sulfonic acids are called sulfonates. ==Preparation== Sulfonic acid is produced by the process of sulfonation. Usually the sulfonating agent is sulfur trioxide. A particularly large scale application of this method is the production of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids: :RC6H5 + SO3 → RC6H4SO3H In this reaction, sulfur trioxide is an electrophile and the arene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution. Thiols can be oxidized to sulfonic acids: :RSH + 3/2 O2 → RSO3H Certain sulfonic acids, such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid are prepared by electrophilic fluorination of preformed sulfonic acids. The net conversion can be represented simplistically: :C8H17SO3H + 17 F2 → C8F17SO3H + 17 HF 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sulfonic acid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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